This encyclopedia entry provides a detailed overview of GitHub, the world's leading web-based software development platform, and explains its relationship to the Git version control system behind it. The description presents the history of the platform, which is based on the philosophy of "social coding", and its impact on community development. We discuss in detail the basic building blocks of GitHub, starting from the repository, through the use of branches that enable parallel development, to "Verified" commits authenticated with GPG keys. The article places great emphasis on the "Fork and Pull Request" model that revolutionized open source contribution, and the Issues and Milestones system that helps project planning. We also cover the role of SSH and GPG keys, which are essential for secure work, the operation of GitHub Actions that provide automation, and the Tags and Releases function that closes the software release cycle. Finally, the post analyzes the indispensable role of GitHub in the open source ecosystem.

Git is a modern, distributed version control system that has become the industry standard for software development. Created by Linus Torvalds in 2005 for the needs of the Linux kernel, the tool focuses on speed, data integrity, and support for non-linear workflows. This encyclopedia entry provides a detailed introduction to Git's core concepts, such as its distributed architecture, snapshot-based data model, and workflow between three main states (Working Directory, Repository, and Repository). We cover key terminology such as commit, branch, and remote, and examine how digitally signing with GPG keys increases the credibility of a project. The article clarifies the difference between Git (as a tool) and services that build on it, such as GitHub (as a platform), and summarizes the main advantages of Git that have made it an indispensable foundation for modern software development.