One of the basic, regularly recurring tasks of maintaining our Debian or Ubuntu-based servers and systems is updating the package repositories and installed software. I was just doing the usual update cycle on my server these days, which has been a bit behind lately, so I expected that several packages would be updated. However, the update process stopped with interesting messages that drew attention to an important change related to the management of the signing keys of the package repositories. In this article, we will look at how to deal with these problems.

Raspberry Pi 5 is the latest member of the legendary small computer family, which was released in October 2023. The Raspberry Pi Foundation released this model after several years of development and anticipation, which represents a significant improvement in both performance and functionality compared to previous generations. The new Raspberry Pi 5 aims to provide even more freedom and flexibility to those looking for an affordable yet powerful device. The other day I was lucky enough to get a model with 8 GB of RAM, so in this write-up we will go through the first unpacking and assembly of the Raspberry Pi 5, as well as the initial settings.

Using PHP-FPM (FastCGI Process Manager) to run web pages and web applications has many advantages, especially when compared to older techniques such as PHP running as an Apache module. One of the most important benefits is that PHP-FPM significantly improves performance and scalability by allowing finer-grained management and optimization of PHP processes. In this way, we can use the server's resources more efficiently, reduce the response time, and our system can remain stable even in the event of heavy traffic. However, over time, the PHP versions of our web applications may become outdated, which the various control panels do not update. In this description, we will see in a few steps how we can easily modify our manual settings so that our websites and web applications also work with the correct PHP version.

The hostname command is a basic tool in Linux systems that allows you to query or set the computer name. In Linux systems, every machine has a unique name, which we call "hostname". This name allows devices to be identified and accessed within the network. The hostname command can be used to view or change the settings of the current hostname. This command is particularly useful when diagnosing network problems and configuring servers and other network devices.

The md5sum command is a tool that allows you to calculate and check the MD5 (Message Digest Algorithm 5) sum value of files. MD5 is a one-way hash function that produces a fixed-length 128-bit (32 hexadecimal characters) digest from an input string. This hash is often used to verify the integrity of files, since even a small change in the file results in a completely different hash value. In this tutorial, we'll cover the basic usage of the md5sum command on a Debian system.